TAREKHI RASHIDI OF MIRZA MUHAMMAD HAIDER, DUGHALT

Posted by : Utpal Publications Wednesday, August 28, 2013

TRAVELS IN THE MUGHALS OF CENTRAL ASIA

TRANSLATED: E. DENISON ROSS EDITED: N. ELIAS

The present work in two volumes is the English Translation of Tarikh-i-Rashidi, written by Mirza Muhammad Haider, Dughlat. The book brings forth an absorbing and informative history of Central Asia. The object of Tarikh-i-Rashidi, as the author tells its readers, is to preserve the memory of Mughals and their Khans. The author, Mirza Haider, has attempted a very minute and firsthand account of the region which reveals it both in depth and on a personal level. The work is an earnest one, and the author, no doubt intended that it should be before everything else, a clear and complete exposition of the times he had set himself to chronicle.

The scope and character of the Tarikh-i-Rashidi may be briefly summarized in the following way. It may be regarded as the history of that branch of the Mughal Khan who separated themselves, about the year 1321, from the main system of the Chaghatai, which was then the ruling dynasty in Transoxiana; and it is the only history known to exist of this branch of the Mughals. The original or western line- that of Transoxiana- was at that time declining in power, and through internal dissensions and administrative decay, was rapidly approaching a final dissolution. The princes of the branch then thrown off, became masters of Mughalistan (or Jatah, as it was called at that period) and of all Eastern Turkistan and continued as a ruling dynasty for more than two and a half centuries.

The book is divided into two parts, called Dafter, the first of which is entirely historical, while the second contains reminiscences of the author life and notices of Chahatai, Uzbeg and other princes, with whom he was acquainted.

The first Part, or history proper, was written in Kashmir in 1544 and 1545. It contains a record of two distinct and parallel dynasties: (1) that of the Khans of Mughalistan, beginning with Tughluk Timur, who reigned from 1347 to 1362, and whose father, Isan Bugha, was the first to separate from the main Chaghatai stem; and (2) of their vassals, the Dughlat Amirs of Eastern Turkistan, on the earliest of whom, Amir Bulaji, the author’s ancestor, had raised Tughluk Timur to the Khanship.

The second Part, which has more than twice the extent of the first, and contains Mirza Haider’s record of his life and times, was the first in point of date. It begins with his birth and concludes with an account of his second invasion of Kashmir, when, by a battle fought on the 02^nd August, 1541, he became master of the country. This Part also includes some rules of conduct for Kings, drawn up at the request of the author, by his spiritual guide, Maulana Muhammad Kazi. The book is thus a work great historical importance and would interest historians, explorers, scholars, and general readers.